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January 2020

Classroom Stories: Teaching the Seasons in Inadequate Classroom Space

By Stacy Palen

Last week, we continued our struggle with the lack of AV equipment in our temporary teaching space. In order to teach the seasons in this space, I rewrote an old activity that used an overhead projector and a piece of cardboard with a hole cut out to help students understand why the angle of incidence matters.

Not having an overhead projector or cardboard handy, it occurred to me to have the students use their cell phone flashlights and the hole punched in their Learning Astronomy by Doing Astronomy workbook pages to accomplish the same purpose.

I always feel chuffed when I think of some new way to solve the problem!  

I very much liked the way students interacted with this activity.

In Part A, they have to assemble some of their own real-life knowledge about seasons on Earth. In Part B, they have to hold the WRONG idea in their head as if it were true, which is especially challenging! In Part C, they identify and explain the correct explanation. In the final part, they apply their understanding to seasons on Uranus and test their ability to extend their knowledge to a new situation.

It took most students about 25 minutes to do this activity.

When I teach it again, I’ll probably modify some of the language in Part B to make it even more clear that I expect them to write down things that they know are wrong.

This activity may eventually make its way into Learning Astronomy by Doing Astronomy because I’ve now figured out how to do it with no extra equipment!

You can access the activity by clicking here!


Classroom Stories: Teaching in the Trailer, or "This Will Have Been a Good Time"

By Stacy Palen

In my family, we have a saying, “This will have been a good time.” We use it to refer to upcoming events that will be stressful and potentially awful, but that we will remember fondly once they have passed. For example, when my snake-phobic husband and I went to the Amazon: he didn’t enjoy the trip while it was happening, but afterwards, he was glad to have experienced it. The whole time we were planning the trip, we kept repeating, “This will have been a good time.”

For years, I have taught Introductory Astronomy in the planetarium. This is a difficult space to work in because the chairs are comfy, the light levels are low, the board and projector space is limited, and working in groups of three or more is really difficult. The chairs don’t turn; the students have those little desks that lift out of the chair arm for them to write on; and it is almost impossible to get in and out of a row in the middle of class. If I want to access the computer, I have to go to the back of the room. It’s awkward, but I got used to it, and I figured out how to do both active learning and lecturing, even in this difficult space.

This semester, the planetarium building is being renovated so that we will have heating and cooling that actually work. That’s the plan, anyway. Don’t ask me why they couldn’t do this renovation over the summer. Figuring out the decisions of Facilities Management is above my pay grade!

My astronomy class has been moved into a “portable”—a double-wide trailer in the parking lot, which was furnished the day before classes started. The layout of the classroom is awkward, with students facing perpendicular to the long axis, and the computer being stationed in one corner. It’s like teaching in a hallway. The first week of class, none of the A/V equipment was working, so there were no projectors. During the second week of class, some of the A/V equipment worked, but intermittently—something about the HDMI cables, aspect ratios, and temporary equipment being incompatible with the University standards. I don’t expect this system to be stable for at least another week or two. I could complain about this (more!), or I could see it as an “opportunity” to try something new.

So now, I have jettisoned my long-time methods and materials, and I’m experimenting. I’ve reorganized the whole class to involve lots of mini-activities that can be done quickly in larger-than-usual groups, with lots and lots of peer instruction. For my students, there is really no choice but to read the textbook before they come to class, because it’s really not possible for me to lecture at all.

Today, we’ll negotiate the “points” restructuring, and my students will get to have a say in how much weight each component will have in their final grade. Now that we’ve done a few of the longer activities from Learning Astronomy by Doing Astronomy, a few homework assignments, and a few of the mini-activities, my students have a better sense of how much value each component should have. I’ve explained the experimental nature of what we are doing, and they are mostly cheerful about it.

This entire situation has got me going back and resurrecting things that I did a long time ago, such as using parts of Understanding Our Universe and Learning Astronomy by Doing Astronomy in ways that I haven’t before (it never occurred to me to tear the activities apart and do them over multiple days), seeking out new ideas and activities, and oh … let’s call it “innovating” … at breakneck speed. I expect a lot of this to be a mess, some of it to be useful in the long haul, and some of it to appear in future textbooks. It’s definitely a situation that “will have been a good time.”


Current Events: Image Release: Giant Magnetic Ropes in a Galaxy’s Halo

By Stacy Palen

A new composite image released by the National Radio Astronomy Observatory superimposes radio data on a visual image of a galaxy. Magnetic fields here are shown in blue and green, indicating alternate directions.

Here are some questions that you can ask your students based on this image:

1) What is the Hubble type of this galaxy?

Answer: A spiral.

2) How do you know?

Answer: Because there is a disk, viewed edge on.

3) What is the Hubble type of the large galaxy directly above the primary galaxy in this image?

Answer: Elliptical.

4) How do you know?

Answer: There is no disk.

5) The blue and green false color “hair” represents the magnetic fields of the galaxy. Blue indicates that the magnetic field points roughly away from us, while green points roughly toward us. These magnetic fields are described as “spiraling” and as “ropes.” Make a sketch of the magnetic field lines of the galaxy that fits these descriptions and observations.

Answer: This is a genuine question, not a test of their understanding. I am picturing a spiral for each blue/green pair that is roughly perpendicular to the disk. I wonder what students “get” from these descriptions?

6) Are the magnetic fields above the disk of the galaxy symmetric with those below the disk? What might cause this?

Answer: They are not. It could be because the magnetic field is being generated differently, or it could be because the observations are more resolved above the disk than below. That could happen if the galaxy disk was tilted so that the top of the disk is tilted toward us.